Genetically, colorectal cancer represents a complex disease, and genetic alterations are often related with progression from premalignant lesion (adenoma) to intrusive adenocarcinoma. Sequence of molecular and genetic events leading to transformation from adenomatous polyps to naked evilness has been characterized by Vogelstein and Fear on. The early circumstance is a mutation of adenomatous polyposis gene, which was first discovered in individuals with familial adenomatous polyposis . The protein encoded by medication is essential in activation of factor c-myc and cyclin D1, which drives the progression to cancerous phenotype. Although FAP is a rare hereditary syndrome accounting for exclusive most 1% of cases of colon cancer, medication mutations are very regular in spasmodic colorectal cancers.
Tumors of the colon arise as intramucosal epithelial lesions, usually in adenomatous polyps or glands. As cancers grow, they invade the muscularis membrane and lymphatic and vascular structures to involve regional lymph nodes, conterminous structures, and distant sites, especially the liver.
SIGN AND SYMPTOMS OF COON CANCER
The clinical features of purging carcinoma depend on the precise site involved. They are prizewinning thoughtful in cost of those features produced by the growth itself, those produced by the presence of topical secondaries, and those produced by another personalty of the tumour.
change in bowel habit - diarrhoea or constipation, or the two alternating with each other. The diarrhoea haw include profuse amounts of mucus. This haw be due to excessive secretion by the tumor. The growth haw be bleed and rectal bleeding or a constructive faecal occult murder test haw result. Rarely melena haw occur.
Intestinal impediment - pain, distension, unconditional degradation - and vomiting. This haw be acute, i.e. sudden and severe, chronic, i.e. insiduous and slowly progressive, or accent on chronic, i.e. habitual that becomes accent as impediment becomes complete.
perforation - into the general peritoneal decay or locally, by a pericolic abscess, or by fistulae into adjacent viscera, e.g. gastro-colic, vesico-colic fistulae.
Jaundice
abdominal enlargement due to ascites
Hepatomegaly
Anemia
Weight loss
Malaise
Anorexia
A tumor that is large sufficiency to fill the entire lumen of the bowel haw drive bowel obstruction. This situation is characterized by constipation, abdominal pain, abdominal enlargement and vomiting. This occasionally leads to the obstructed and distended bowel perforating and feat peritonitis.
Certain topical effects of colorectal cancer occur when the disease has embellish more advanced. A large tumor is more likely to be detected on opinion the abdomen, and it haw be detected by a student on physical examination. The disease haw invade another organs, and haw drive blood or expose in the urine (invasion of the bladder) or vaginal execute (invasion of the female reproductive tract).
Tumors of the colon arise as intramucosal epithelial lesions, usually in adenomatous polyps or glands. As cancers grow, they invade the muscularis membrane and lymphatic and vascular structures to involve regional lymph nodes, conterminous structures, and distant sites, especially the liver.
SIGN AND SYMPTOMS OF COON CANCER
The clinical features of purging carcinoma depend on the precise site involved. They are prizewinning thoughtful in cost of those features produced by the growth itself, those produced by the presence of topical secondaries, and those produced by another personalty of the tumour.
change in bowel habit - diarrhoea or constipation, or the two alternating with each other. The diarrhoea haw include profuse amounts of mucus. This haw be due to excessive secretion by the tumor. The growth haw be bleed and rectal bleeding or a constructive faecal occult murder test haw result. Rarely melena haw occur.
Intestinal impediment - pain, distension, unconditional degradation - and vomiting. This haw be acute, i.e. sudden and severe, chronic, i.e. insiduous and slowly progressive, or accent on chronic, i.e. habitual that becomes accent as impediment becomes complete.
perforation - into the general peritoneal decay or locally, by a pericolic abscess, or by fistulae into adjacent viscera, e.g. gastro-colic, vesico-colic fistulae.
Jaundice
abdominal enlargement due to ascites
Hepatomegaly
Anemia
Weight loss
Malaise
Anorexia
A tumor that is large sufficiency to fill the entire lumen of the bowel haw drive bowel obstruction. This situation is characterized by constipation, abdominal pain, abdominal enlargement and vomiting. This occasionally leads to the obstructed and distended bowel perforating and feat peritonitis.
Certain topical effects of colorectal cancer occur when the disease has embellish more advanced. A large tumor is more likely to be detected on opinion the abdomen, and it haw be detected by a student on physical examination. The disease haw invade another organs, and haw drive blood or expose in the urine (invasion of the bladder) or vaginal execute (invasion of the female reproductive tract).
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